AlexKontorovich/PrimeNumberTheoremAnd
Source indexedtheorem · leanprover/lean4:v4.32.0
WeakPNT_AP_prelim
PrimeNumberTheoremAnd.Wiener · PrimeNumberTheoremAnd/Wiener.lean:3951 to 3987
Mathematical statement
Exact Lean statement
@[blueprint "WeakPNT-AP-prelim"
(title := "WeakPNT-AP-prelim")
(statement := /--
If $q ≥ 1$ and $a$ is coprime to $q$, the Dirichlet series
$\sum_{n \leq x: n = a\ (q)} \frac{\Lambda(n)}{n^s}$ converges for $\mathrm{Re}(s) > 1$ to
$\frac{1}{\varphi(q)} \frac{1}{s-1} + G(s)$ where $G$ has a continuous extension to
$\mathrm{Re}(s)=1$.
-/)
(proof := /--
We expand out the left-hand side using Lemma \ref{WeakPNT-character}. The contribution of the
non-principal characters $\chi$ extend continuously to $\mathrm{Re}(s) = 1$ thanks to the
non-vanishing of $L(s,\chi)$ on this line (which should follow from another component of
this project), so it suffices to show that for the principal character $\chi_0$, that
$$ -\frac{L'(s,\chi_0)}{L(s,\chi_0)} - \frac{1}{s-1}$$
also extends continuously here. But we already know that
$$ -\frac{\zeta'(s)}{\zeta(s)} - \frac{1}{s-1}$$
extends, and from Euler product machinery one has the identity
$$ \frac{L'(s,\chi_0)}{L(s,\chi_0)}
= \frac{\zeta'(s)}{\zeta(s)} + \sum_{p|q} \frac{\log p}{p^s-1}.$$
Since there are only finitely many primes dividing $q$, and each summand $\frac{\log p}{p^s-1}$
extends continuously, the claim follows.
-/)
(proofUses := ["ChebyshevPsi", "WeakPNT-character"])
(latexEnv := "proposition")]
theorem WeakPNT_AP_prelim {q : ℕ} {a : ℕ} (hq : q ≥ 1) (ha : Nat.Coprime a q) (ha' : a < q) :
∃ G: ℂ → ℂ, (ContinuousOn G {s | 1 ≤ s.re}) ∧
(Set.EqOn G (fun s ↦ LSeries (fun n ↦ if n % q = a then Λ n else 0) s - 1 /
((Nat.totient q) * (s - 1))) {s | 1 < s.re})Complete declaration
Lean source
Full Lean sourceLean 4
@[blueprint "WeakPNT-AP-prelim" (title := "WeakPNT-AP-prelim") (statement := /-- If $q ≥ 1$ and $a$ is coprime to $q$, the Dirichlet series $\sum_{n \leq x: n = a\ (q)} \frac{\Lambda(n)}{n^s}$ converges for $\mathrm{Re}(s) > 1$ to $\frac{1}{\varphi(q)} \frac{1}{s-1} + G(s)$ where $G$ has a continuous extension to $\mathrm{Re}(s)=1$. -/) (proof := /-- We expand out the left-hand side using Lemma \ref{WeakPNT-character}. The contribution of the non-principal characters $\chi$ extend continuously to $\mathrm{Re}(s) = 1$ thanks to the non-vanishing of $L(s,\chi)$ on this line (which should follow from another component of this project), so it suffices to show that for the principal character $\chi_0$, that $$ -\frac{L'(s,\chi_0)}{L(s,\chi_0)} - \frac{1}{s-1}$$ also extends continuously here. But we already know that $$ -\frac{\zeta'(s)}{\zeta(s)} - \frac{1}{s-1}$$ extends, and from Euler product machinery one has the identity $$ \frac{L'(s,\chi_0)}{L(s,\chi_0)} = \frac{\zeta'(s)}{\zeta(s)} + \sum_{p|q} \frac{\log p}{p^s-1}.$$ Since there are only finitely many primes dividing $q$, and each summand $\frac{\log p}{p^s-1}$ extends continuously, the claim follows. -/) (proofUses := ["ChebyshevPsi", "WeakPNT-character"]) (latexEnv := "proposition")]theorem WeakPNT_AP_prelim {q : ℕ} {a : ℕ} (hq : q ≥ 1) (ha : Nat.Coprime a q) (ha' : a < q) : ∃ G: ℂ → ℂ, (ContinuousOn G {s | 1 ≤ s.re}) ∧ (Set.EqOn G (fun s ↦ LSeries (fun n ↦ if n % q = a then Λ n else 0) s - 1 / ((Nat.totient q) * (s - 1))) {s | 1 < s.re}) := by have : NeZero q := NeZero.of_pos hq have hG : ∃ G : ℂ → ℂ, ContinuousOn G {s | 1 ≤ s.re} ∧ Set.EqOn G (fun s ↦ LSeries (fun n ↦ if (n : ZMod q) = a then Λ n else 0) s - (q.totient : ℂ)⁻¹ / (s - 1)) {s | 1 < s.re} := by use vonMangoldt.LFunctionResidueClassAux (a : ZMod q), vonMangoldt.continuousOn_LFunctionResidueClassAux (q := q) (a := a) have := vonMangoldt.eqOn_LFunctionResidueClassAux ((ZMod.isUnit_iff_coprime a q).mpr ha) convert this using 6; split <;> simp_all convert hG using 6 · simp [ZMod.natCast_eq_natCast_iff', Nat.mod_eq_of_lt ha'] · rw [inv_eq_one_div, div_div]