Dist Div inv pow eq dim
Space.distDiv_inv_pow_eq_dim
Plain-language statement
The distributional divergence of the radial field x ↦ ‖x‖ ^ (-d) • x (i.e. x / ‖x‖ ^ d) equals d * volume (Metric.ball 0 1) , the surface area of the unit sphere S^{d-1} , times the Dirac delta at the origin. This is the Gauss-law identity underlying the fundamental solution of the Laplacian: away from 0 the field is divergence-free, and all of...
Exact Lean statement
lemma distDiv_inv_pow_eq_dim {d : ℕ} [NeZero d] :
∇ᵈ ⬝ (distOfFunction (fun x : Space d => ‖x‖ ^ (- d : ℤ) • basis.repr x)
(IsDistBounded.zpow_smul_repr_self (- d : ℤ) (by omega))) =
(d * (volume (α := Space d)).real (Metric.ball 0 1)) • diracDelta ℝ 0Formal artifact
Lean source
lemma distDiv_inv_pow_eq_dim {d : ℕ} [NeZero d] : ∇ᵈ ⬝ (distOfFunction (fun x : Space d => ‖x‖ ^ (- d : ℤ) • basis.repr x) (IsDistBounded.zpow_smul_repr_self (- d : ℤ) (by omega))) = (d * (volume (α := Space d)).real (Metric.ball 0 1)) • diracDelta ℝ 0 := by ext η calc _ _ = - ∫ x, ⟪‖x‖⁻¹ ^ d • basis.repr x, Space.grad η x⟫_ℝ := by simp only [zpow_neg, zpow_natCast, distDiv_ofFunction, inv_pow] _ = - ∫ x, ‖x‖⁻¹ ^ (d - 1) * ⟪‖x‖⁻¹ • basis.repr x, Space.grad η x⟫_ℝ := by simp only [← pow_sub_one_mul (NeZero.ne d), inv_pow, inner_smul_left, conj_trivial, map_inv₀, neg_inj] ring_nf _ = - ∫ x, ‖x‖⁻¹ ^ (d - 1) * (_root_.deriv (fun a => η (a • ‖x‖⁻¹ • x)) ‖x‖) := by simp only [real_inner_comm, ← grad_inner_space_unit_vector _ _ (SchwartzMap.differentiable η)] _ = - ∫ r, ‖r.2.1‖⁻¹ ^ (d - 1) * (_root_.deriv (fun a => η (a • r.1)) ‖r.2.1‖) ∂(volume (α := Space d).toSphere.prod (Measure.volumeIoiPow (Module.finrank ℝ (Space d) - 1))) := by rw [← MeasureTheory.MeasurePreserving.integral_comp (f := homeomorphUnitSphereProd _) (MeasureTheory.Measure.measurePreserving_homeomorphUnitSphereProd (volume (α := Space d))) (Homeomorph.measurableEmbedding (homeomorphUnitSphereProd (Space d)))] congr 1 simp only [inv_pow, homeomorphUnitSphereProd_apply_snd_coe, norm_norm, homeomorphUnitSphereProd_apply_fst_coe] let f (x : Space d) : ℝ := (‖↑x‖ ^ (d - 1))⁻¹ * _root_.deriv (fun a => η (a • ‖↑x‖⁻¹ • ↑x)) ‖↑x‖ conv_rhs => enter [2, x] change f x.1 rw [MeasureTheory.integral_subtype_comap (by simp), ← setIntegral_univ] change ∫ x in Set.univ, f x = ∫ (x : Space d) in _, f x exact setIntegral_congr_set (MeasureTheory.ae_eq_univ.mpr (by simp)).symm _ = - ∫ n, (∫ r, ‖r.1‖⁻¹ ^ (d - 1) * (_root_.deriv (fun a => η (a • n)) ‖r.1‖) ∂((Measure.volumeIoiPow (Module.finrank ℝ (Space d) - 1)))) ∂(volume (α := Space d).toSphere) := by rw [MeasureTheory.integral_prod] /- Integrable condition. -/ convert integrable_isDistBounded_inner_grad_schwartzMap_spherical (IsDistBounded.inv_pow_smul_repr_self (d) (by omega)) η rename_i r simp only [Real.norm_eq_abs, inv_pow, Function.comp_apply, homeomorphUnitSphereProd_symm_apply_coe, map_smul] let x : Space d := r.2.1 • r.1.1 have hr : (0 : ℝ) < r.2.1 := r.2.2 rw [abs_of_nonneg (le_of_lt hr)] trans (r.2.1 ^ (d - 1))⁻¹ * _root_.deriv (fun a => η (a • ‖↑x‖⁻¹ • ↑x)) ‖x‖ · simp [x, norm_smul] left congr funext a congr simp [smul_smul] rw [abs_of_nonneg (le_of_lt hr)] field_simp simp only [one_smul] rw [abs_of_nonneg (le_of_lt hr)] rw [← grad_inner_space_unit_vector, real_inner_comm, ← pow_sub_one_mul (NeZero.ne d)] simp only [norm_smul, Real.norm_eq_abs, abs_of_nonneg (le_of_lt hr), norm_eq_of_mem_sphere, mul_one, map_smul, inner_smul_left, map_inv₀, conj_trivial, mul_inv_rev, x] field_simp exact SchwartzMap.differentiable η _ = - ∫ n, (∫ (r : Set.Ioi (0 : ℝ)), (_root_.deriv (fun a => η (a • n)) r.1) ∂(.comap Subtype.val volume)) ∂(volume (α := Space d).toSphere) := by congr funext n simp [Measure.volumeIoiPow] erw [integral_withDensity_eq_integral_smul] congr funext r have hr : (0 : ℝ) < r.1 := r.2 rw [abs_of_nonneg hr.le, NNReal.smul_def, Real.coe_toNNReal _ (by positivity), smul_eq_mul, ← mul_assoc, mul_inv_cancel₀ (pow_ne_zero (d - 1) hr.ne'), one_mul] fun_prop _ = - ∫ n, (-η 0) ∂(volume (α := Space d).toSphere) := by congr funext n let η' (n : ↑(Metric.sphere 0 1)) : 𝓢(ℝ, ℝ) := compCLM (g := fun a => a • n.1) ℝ (by apply And.intro · fun_prop · intro n' match n' with | 0 => use 1, 1 simp [norm_smul] | 1 => use 0, 1 intro x simp [fderiv_smul_const] | n' + 1 + 1 => use 0, 0 intro x simp only [Real.norm_eq_abs, pow_zero, mul_one, norm_le_zero_iff] rw [iteratedFDeriv_succ_eq_comp_right] conv_lhs => enter [2, 3, y] simp [fderiv_smul_const] rw [iteratedFDeriv_succ_const] rfl) (by use 1, 1; simp [norm_smul]) η rw [MeasureTheory.integral_subtype_comap (by simp), MeasureTheory.integral_Ioi_of_hasDerivAt_of_tendsto (f := fun a => η (a • n)) (m := 0)] · simp · exact ContinuousAt.continuousWithinAt (by fun_prop) · exact fun x _ => DifferentiableAt.hasDerivAt (by fun_prop) · exact (integrable ((derivCLM ℝ ℝ) (η' n))).integrableOn · exact Filter.Tendsto.mono_left (η' n).toZeroAtInfty.zero_at_infty' atTop_le_cocompact _ = η 0 * (d * (volume (α := Space d)).real (Metric.ball 0 1)) := by simp only [integral_const, Measure.toSphere_real_apply_univ, finrank_eq_dim, smul_eq_mul, mul_neg, neg_neg] ring simp only [_root_.smul_apply, diracDelta_apply, smul_eq_mul] ring- Project
- Physlib
- License
- Apache-2.0
- Commit
- dd43e9e65791
- Source
- Physlib/SpaceAndTime/Space/Norm/Basic.lean:955-1069
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